The working principle and characteristics of fuse cutout

Fuse cutout refers to an electrical appliance that fuses the melt with the heat generated by itself when the current exceeds the specified value. Fuse cutout is based on the current exceeding the specified value for some time, the melt is melted by its heat, thereby breaking the circuit; a current protector made by using this principle. Fuse cutout is widely used in high and low-voltage power distribution systems and control systems and electrical equipment. Like a short circuit and overcurrent protector, it is one of the most commonly used protection devices. Next, let's take a look at the working principle and characteristics of fuse cutout. Here are some answers.

Here is the content list:

•  The working principle of fuse cutout.

•  The structural characteristics of fuse cutout.

•  The ampere-second characteristic of fuse cutout.

The working principle of fuse cutout.

Fuse cutout uses a metal conductor as a melt to be connected in series in a circuit. When an overload or short-circuit current passes through the melt, it fuses due to its heat, thereby breaking the circuit. The fuse cutout is simple in structure and easy to use. It is widely used as a protective device in power systems, various electrical equipment, and household appliances.

The structural characteristics of fuse cutout.

The rated current of the melt is not equal to the rated current of the fuse cutout. The rated current of the melt is selected according to the load current of the protected equipment. The rated current of the fuse cutout should be greater than the rated current of the melt, which is determined in cooperation with the main appliance. The fuse cutout is mainly composed of three parts: melt, shell, and support. The melt is the key element to control the fuse characteristics. The material, size, and shape of the melt determine the fusing characteristics. Melt materials are divided into two types: low melting point and high melting point. Low melting point materials such as lead and lead alloys have a low melting point and are easy to fuse. Due to their large resistivity, the cross-sectional size of the melt is larger, and more metal vapors are generated during the fuse. It is only suitable for a fuse with low breaking capacity. cutout. High melting point materials such as copper and silver have high melting points and are not easy to fuse, but due to their low resistivity, they can be made into a smaller cross-sectional size than low melting point melts, and produce less metal vapor during fuse, which is suitable for high breaking Ability to fuse cutout. The shape of the melt is divided into two types: filament and ribbon. Changing the shape of the variable cross-section can significantly change the fusing characteristics of the fuse cutout. Fuse cutout has a variety of different fusing characteristic curves, which can be applied to the needs of different types of protection objects.

The ampere-second characteristic of fuse cutout.

The action of fuse cutout is realized by the fusing of the melt. A very obvious feature of fuse cutout is the ampere-second feature. For the melt, its operating current and operating time characteristics are the ampere-second characteristics of fuse cutout, also called inverse time-delay characteristics. That is, when the overload current is small, the fusing time is long; when the overload current is large, the fusing time is short. The choice of  fuse cutout is mainly based on the protection characteristics of the load and the size of the short-circuit current. For small-capacity motors and lighting branch lines, fuse cutout is often used as overload and short-circuit protection.

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